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White Sands Missile Range (WSMR) operations take place in two separate testing ranges. The main testing range, containing the headquarters, is located in south-central New Mexico in the Tularosa Basin. This range is approximately 40 miles wide by 100 miles long, with call-up areas available for those tests requiring additional flight space or safety zones. The Tularosa Basin is surrounded by the communities of El Paso (40 miles south), Las Cruces (25 miles west), and Alamogordo (50 miles north east) and several mountain ranges, some of which are over 9,000 feet in elevation. These mountains provide excellent locations for a variety of range instrumentation to support testing. The climate is dry, with an annual rainfall of about 12 inches, and is fairly comfortable due to the low relative humidity of 44 percent.
The other test range, the Electronic Proving Ground, is located in southeastern Arizona near the foothills of the Huachuca Mountains. This location provides excellent weather, visibility, open space, and a quiet electromagnetic environment to test electronic warfare systems as well as other communication systems.
White Sands Missile Range
White Sands Missile Range, NM